There are a huge number of grape varieties, the selection of which continues to develop. Their characteristics may vary depending on in which region and climatic conditions the grapes were bred. Breeders try to produce copies that can resist external conditions and at the same time have exquisite taste. Below we describe the best grape varieties alphabetically - from A to Z.
Aleshenkin
This grape was bred in 1956 by an agronomist P.E. Tsekhmistrenko. Aleshenkin grapes ripen early - enough for him 110-118 days. The variety is considered vigorous and high-yielding - if all the rules of planting and care are followed, grapes are able to yield up to 25 kg from one bush.
Aleshenkin has the following characteristics:
- the size of the leaves is medium, dark green, five-lobed and mid-dissected;
- clusters are large;
- the shape of the clusters is conical, but also branched;
- clusters of medium size weighing 500 grams, large - up to 2 kg;
- the berry has an average size of 4.5 grams;
- berry color - amber, with a white coating;
- slightly oval form;
- in 25-40% of berries there are no seeds, in the rest there are 1-2 pieces;
- the taste is sweet, sugar content up to 20%;
- the flesh is crispy.
The unpretentiousness of the variety belongs to the variety, since it is able to produce crops even in the most adverse conditions. And of the minuses is its susceptibility to fungal diseases.
Victoria
The description of this table variety came from Russian breeders. It has an early ripening period of 115-120 days.
Victoria has the following characteristics:
- the leaves are medium, dark green;
- large clusters - 500-700 grams;
- the shape of the clusters is conical;
- medium berries - 6 to 7.5 grams;
- the shape of the berries is oval-ovoid;
- the color of berries is red-raspberry;
- when fully ripened, the fruits have a nutmeg taste;
- sugar content of 17-19%;
Of the merits of the variety, one can distinguish its unprecedented frost resistance - it does not freeze to 27 degrees of frost, as well as resistance to disease. The minuses include a tendency to peeing - this is when the berries grow very small in size - to avoid this, each cluster needs to be passed with a paint brush to squeeze small grapes.
Harold
The variety was bred by Novocherkassk breeders who tried for a long time to develop a variety that would be immune to frost. This was achieved by crossing varieties of Delight and Arcadia. Harold is a table grape variety that fully ripens in 100 days.
Harold characteristics:
- clusters are large;
- the form of clusters is cylindrical, weighing 400-500 grams;
- the leaves are deep dark green in shape, resemble a heart;
- the shape of the berries is oval, the tip is pointed, weight 5-6 grams;
- berry color - amber yellow;
- the variety is hermaphrodite and can self-pollinate;
- harmonious taste with a light muscat aroma;
- from one bush you can get, on average, up to 15 kg of the crop.
Of the merits of the variety stands out its unpretentiousness to the conditions of maintenance and breeding, frost resistance (able to withstand up to -25-26 degrees of frost), resistance to diseases and pests. Of the shortcomings - overgrowth, which leads to overloads from the fruits, in order to avoid this, you need to remove extra stepsons and shoots.
Demeter
A table variety with an early ripening period of 120-125 days. It was bred thanks to the joint work of Ukrainian and Russian breeders. The variety was created so that it could be planted in the Far East, as well as in the central, northwestern and southern regions of Russia.
Characteristic of the fetus:
- the clusters are large, the density is medium, loose;
- the form of clusters is cylindrical, descending on a cone;
- clusters are large, weighing from 800 to 1100 gr;
- large berries - 10-15 grams one piece;
- the shape of the berry is elongated-oval or rhomboid;
- the color of the berries may vary depending on the stage of development - green or greenish yellow at an early age and white or yellowish with an amber tint in adulthood;
- sugar content is 17-23%;
- Demeter has a simple taste with a touch of muscat.
The advantages include frost resistance, medium resistance to diseases and pests. The disadvantages are the moodiness of the variety, for example, if he does not like the soil on which he grows, then he will have to additionally fertilize it.
Yesenin
A table form of grapes that fully ripens in 130 days. The breed was bred by amateurs who crossed two varieties - the Talisman and Charrel. Begins to bear fruit 2 years after planting.
Variety characteristic:
- clusters are large, weighing 500-800 grams, but copies of 1.5 kg are also possible;
- leaf color - dark green;
- the form of clusters is cylindrical;
- medium berries, weighing 6-8 grams;
- color of berries - yellow-amber, with a pink tint;
- the taste is juicy and sweet;
- sugar content of 18%;
They are quite frost-resistant. They have medium resistance to diseases and parasites.
Pearl Saba
The variety was bred by the Hungarian breeder Stark in 1904, crossing Muscat Ottonel and Muscat Hungarian. The full ripening period is 115 days.
Variety characteristic:
- the variety is considered medium-tall;
- the form of clusters is cylindrical;
- cluster weight reaches 120 grams;
- the shape of the berries is round;
- the color of the berries is golden green;
- the weight of one berry is a little more than 1 gram;
- the taste is pleasant, with a muscat aroma;
- sugar content - 14-18%.
Of the advantages - a frost-resistant variety, of the shortcomings - the berries attract the attention of birds and insects and, without proper protection, can be damaged and lose their consumer properties.
Fun
This variety was bred by an Ukrainian amateur breeder through the information of Flora and Kodrianka. Fun is not an officially registered zoned variety. A table variety ripens in 100-110 days, which is considered a very early date.
Variety characteristic:
- refers to vigorous, for normal fruiting and development, should be at a distance of at least 2 meters from each other;
- large clusters weighing 700-900 grams;
- the shape of the berries is oval-elongated;
- the color of the berries is dark blue with a rich waxy coating;
- berry weight - 10 grams;
- the variety is bisexual and does not need to plant additional pollinator trees;
- the taste is juicy and sweet.
Of the disadvantages of this variety, frost resistance is extremely low - at a temperature of -20 Fun completely freezes. Of the advantages - high productivity, decent presentation and good transportability.
Isabel
The variety began to exist in America, where the breeder William Prince for several decades followed its development and brought to perfection. It has a late ripening period - up to 180 days.
Variety characteristic:
- the size of the clusters is small - 140 grams;
- the form of clusters is cylindrical, sometimes cylindrical;
- the berries are small in size;
- the shape of the berries is round or oval;
- the color of the berries is black with a bluish tint and a dense white coating;
- the pulp is pleasant, with a well-defined strawberry flavor;
- sugar content - 16-18%.
The advantages of the variety include their good tolerance of increased humidity, the disadvantages of low tolerance of drought, and also with severe thickening, uneven ripening of berries and a decrease in resistance to mildew are possible.
Cardinal
This table variety was bred by US breeders in 1939. The Cardinal came to the territory of Russia during the USSR - it was brought from France, it took root well and is now grown in many regions of our country. Refers to varieties with an early ripening period - up to 105 days.
Variety characteristics:
- bunches are large in size, weight - 400-900 grams;
- cluster form - cylindrical
- tall bushes, their height can reach 3 m;
- berries are large enough and juicy, weight - 10-12 grams;
- the shape of the berries is oval;
- ripe color - saturated red-violet;
- taste - juicy, with a soft, light muscat shade;
- sugar content - 17-18%.
The advantages of the variety include its early ripening, long shelf life, as well as resistance to transportation. Among the disadvantages - low frost resistance, uneven ripening of berries, susceptibility to fungal diseases.
Lydia
This grape variety was developed by breeders by crossing the wild Labrusca grape variety and the Vinifera variety resistant to fungi. Lydia belongs to mid-ripening varieties and ripens in about 155-158 days.
Variety characteristics:
- clusters of small size - 100-110 grams;
- the shape of the cluster is cylindrical, the density is loose;
- oval-round berry;
- berries weight - 3-4 grams;
- the color of the berries is pink-purple;
- the taste is strawberry, sweet;
- sugar content - 18-19%.
Of the advantages of Lydia, high productivity, immunity to diseases, frost resistance, and suitability for transportation are distinguished. Disadvantages: lack of immunity against phylloxera, susceptibility to shedding, development of chlorosis with a small amount of iron in the soil.
Muromets
Muromets was bred in 1962 by crossing Victory and Severny. The variety belongs to the canteens, and got its name for its strong and rapid growth and great fertility. It differs in early ripening - up to 120 days.
Variety characteristics:
- leaves are five-fingered, gray-green;
- the average cluster size is about 400 grams, but there are also 1 kg each;
- the shape of the berries is oval;
- the color of the berries is pink-purple;
- the flesh is crispy and fleshy;
- the taste is pleasant, with a musky taste.
The variety is able to be stored for a long time, it tolerates transportation well and can withstand frosts up to 25-26 degrees. It has medium resistance to parasites and diseases, as, for example, it is resistant to mildew, but is affected by oidium.
New Russian
It appeared as a result of a combination of varieties Russian early and Amur. Bred by A.I. Potapenko. New Russian is a variety of early ripening - 110-115 days.
Characteristic:
- the size of the clusters is average, weighing 300-500 grams;
- the form of clusters is conical, medium density and friability;
- berries are also medium in size, weighing 3-4 grams;
- the shape of the berries is round or slightly oval;
- the color of the berries is pink;
- taste - tender and soft;
- sugar content - 22%.
It is characterized by frost resistance, but before the arrival of winter it is advisable to cover the soil near the roots, as well as fruitful branches. Also, the new Russian is resistant to disease.
Original
The variety was bred by Odessa breeders; it has an average late ripening period of 135 days. It is considered vigorous and resistant to various diseases and parasites.
Variety characteristic:
- clusters of medium size - 400-600 grams;
- the form of clusters is conical;
- berries are large and very large;
- the shape of the berries is elongated-ovate and nipple with pointed tips;
- the color of berries is white-pink and pink;
- the taste is simple, the skin is durable.
Platovsky
It is a white technical grade, it was bred in Russian VNIIViV them. ME AND. Potapenko, crossing varieties Zalalende and Gift of Magarach. It fully ripens in 110-115 days. Lovers also call this variety Early Dawn.
Variety characteristic:
- the clusters are medium, their weight is 220 grams;
- the form of clusters is cylindrical;
- the weight of berries is about 2.5 grams;
- the shape of the berries is round;
- white color with a slight pink tinge;
- the pulp is juicy, with a harmonious taste and strong skin;
- sugar content - about 20%.
The advantages include unpretentiousness, resistance to frost, stable fruiting even under adverse weather conditions, resistance to many diseases.
Muscat Muscovite
It is considered one of the most popular Siberian varieties, belongs to the muscat group. They bred it in 1972, taking two varieties as a basis: Villar Blanc and Extra-seedless - since then it has gained great popularity due to its unpretentiousness in cultivation and care. Refers to varieties with an early ripening period - 120 days.
Variety characteristics:
- clusters are large, medium friability;
- the shape of the clusters is oval;
- the weight of one bunch is from 600 to 1000 grams, but there are cases when the hands grow smaller in size - 400-500 grams;
- small berries, weight about 3 grams;
- the color of the berries is white and yellow;
- the taste is sweetish.
The advantages of the variety include a high level of immunity, frost resistance and productivity. Of the shortcomings - too heavy congestion of the branches, because of which they need to be constantly monitored.
Super Extra
The variety was bred by Novocherkassk breeder E.G. Pavlovsky, by crossing two varieties: the Talisman and the Cardinal. Early ripening - 95-105 days. From one bush you can get up to 25 kg of grapes.
Variety characteristics:
- leaves are dark green, five-fingered;
- clusters are large, weighing 500-1500 grams, moderately loose;
- medium-sized berries can weigh both 2 and 12 grams;
- the shape is egg-shaped in the berry, slightly elongated;
- color is light, with an amber hue when fully ripened;
- grapes have a simple taste with a pleasant aftertaste.
The advantages of Super Extra is a high level of productivity and frost resistance, which allows you to grow this variety in 80% of the country. This grape is resistant to fungal diseases, and also has an attractive appearance and is well tolerated by transportation.
This variety has a fairly tough skin that grape lovers attribute to flaws, and also the disadvantages are that the berries grow in a wide variety of sizes and poor resistance to phylloxera.
Tason
The Tason variety is a hybrid of Italy and Zareva varieties. Tason belongs to the nutmeg varieties, it is suitable for ripening in the suburbs and the Leningrad region. The variety ripens early - in 110 days.
Variety characteristic:
- the size of the clusters is large, the weight is 800 grams, and with proper care, it can reach up to 1 kilogram;
- the shape of the cluster is conical;
- leaves are rounded, dark green;
- medium-sized berries - 6 grams;
- the shape of the berries is oval, the color is light pink;
- the flesh is sweet, crisp and juicy;
- sugar content of about 20%.
The advantages include a high level of transportation, the endurance of both hot, arid conditions, and sub-zero temperatures (up to -20).
Grape lovers include its thick peel and the tendency to get sick with various fungal diseases, which is why preventive measures are necessary.
Ukrainian
The table variety was bred by crossing Nimrang and Saba Pearls. His other name is Lesya Ukrainka, in honor of the famous Ukrainian writer. Ukrainian woman matures early - a full-fledged process takes 115-125 days.
Characteristic:
- the size of the clusters is average, weight - 200-300 grams;
- the form of clusters is conical or cylindrical;
- leaves are three-lobed, medium sized, rounded;
- small berries - 2.5-3 grams;
- color - pink with a purple tint and a waxy coating;
- fleshy juicy flesh with a nutmeg flavor;
- sugar content - 15-18%.
It belongs to frost-resistant varieties, but nevertheless, it should be carefully covered in winter. Ukrainian woman is very transportable, and her productivity is high and stable. Resistant to disease.
Favor
Favor was bred by breeder Kraynov as a result of the interbreeding of Kishmish the Radiant and the Talisman. Full-ripening matures in 125-135 days, and the yield from one bush is 6 kg.
Variety characteristic:
- leaves are three-lobed, dark green;
- the clusters are large, their weight can range from 600 grams to 1 kg;
- clusters have a conical shape;
- average density;
- the size of the berries is large - there are copies up to 18 grams;
- berries are oval or slightly elongated;
- the color of the berries is dark red, which when hollowed ripening becomes simply red;
- pulp of medium-density berry with a refined and harmonious taste.
The advantages of Tabor are high productivity, resistance to disease, excellent presentation and transportability. The minuses include lack of knowledge, since the variety was recently bred, and the possibility of cracking from heavy rainfall.
Husayn Kelin Barmak
Represents the result of the work of unknown breeders of Uzbekistan. Its name translates as “bride’s finger”, or, as he is also known, “ladies' fingers”. Grapes belong to the average ripening period - 150-160 days.
Variety characteristic:
- leaves are five-lobed, large;
- leaf shape - cross-oval;
- a bunch of medium size, weight can vary, but managed to grow up to 2 kg;
- cluster form - cylindrical;
- large berries, up to 10-12 grams;
- the shape of the berries is long with a saber-shaped bend and a pointed tip;
- the color of the berry is yellowish-green with an amber tint on the sunny side, and when fully ripened, the berry becomes light green with a waxy coating;
- soft and juicy flesh;
- taste is considered one of the best among Asian grape varieties;
- sugar content - 18%;
- tasting grade assessment - 9.2 points.
The variety is characterized by an average level of yield and transportability, which can most likely be attributed to disadvantages, and also from the minuses - low resistance to oidiums and frosts.
Cimus
Tsimus is a grape of the group of raisins - a hybrid seedless form. This variety was bred by Pisanka O.M. in 2015. A variety emerged as a result of a mutation in the variety Gift of Zaporozhye, which was pollinated by pollen from Veles.
Such selection has contributed to the acquisition by the cultivar of the pesticides genotype type and the stability of the Enthusiastic group. The name itself is derived from words that describe the taste of grapes: citron and nutmeg. It is considered a super-early variety by maturity - 85-90 days.
Variety characteristics:
- large clusters weighing from 0.6 to 1.5 kg;
- the form of clusters is conical, the density is medium-loose;
- medium-sized berries about 7-8 grams;
- berries are oval;
- color - white-green in the shade, and yellowish in good light;
- the skin is thin, easy to eat;
- juicy flesh.
Charlie
This table variety is one of the most unpretentious, among those that are grown in Russia. An amateur breeder E. Pavlovsky again worked on the appearance of this variety by crossing Victoria and Nadezhda AZOS, so that the result would be Charlie. The early ripening period is 105-115 days.
Variety characteristic:
- large clusters - about 800 grams;
- the form of clusters is cylindrical;
- the size of the berries is average, they weigh about 7-10 grams;
- the shape of the berries is oval;
- the color of the berries is dark, almost black;
- the pulp is dense, with a pleasant taste with notes of nightshade, when the crop ripens completely, the taste disappears;
- sugar content - 17-19%.
Charlie's advantages are his unpretentiousness in leaving, high frost resistance, and resistance to fungal diseases. The variety is able to be stored for a long time, not succumbing to decay.
There are also disadvantages. Despite the high frost resistance, the variety still needs to be sheltered for winter time, and Charlie also needs to normalize the crop.
Chardonnay
It is a technical grape variety. Most of it is grown in the provinces of Champagne and Burgundy, however, it is actively cultivated throughout the world, including in Russia.
There is an opinion that this variety arose because the Pinot noir and Gué Blanc varieties (which have already disappeared) crossed themselves. The ripening rate is average - 135-140 days. As a technical grade, Chardonnay is 3/4 juice.
Variety characteristics:
- leaves of a light green hue, five-lobed, rounded;
- the clusters are small, the average weight is about 100 grams;
- the form of clusters is conical or cylindrical;
- cluster density is average;
- round-shaped berries, elongated elongated;
- large enough in size, the weight of one berry reaches 12-15 grams;
- the color of berries is white-green, with a white waxy coating;
- the pulp is tasty and juicy.
Among the advantages distinguish between resistance to drought, excellent quality material for wine, an average level of frost resistance. Among the disadvantages - a low level of productivity, the tendency of berries to rot and crack, sensitivity to soil fertility.
Goldfinch
Goldfinch is the newest hybrid form of grape that was brought out by Lugansk breeder S. Criul by crossing the Cardinal and the Talisman. Early ripening - 115-125 days.
Variety characteristics:
- large clusters - about 700 grams;
- the form of clusters is conical;
- medium-loose density;
- large berries - 16-18 grams;
- the shape of the berries is oval and ovoid;
- the color of the berries is dark red;
- pulp - fleshy, juicy;
- the taste is pleasant, there is a nutmeg aroma.
The variety is quite resistant to various fungi and diseases, but frost resistance is average.
Esther
The variety originates in Hungary, a synonym for Esther, which can often be found - R65. The variety was bred by crossing Gloria, Queen of the vineyards and Winter Muscat. Maturing term - 115 days.
Variety characteristic:
- the average cluster size is 400-500 grams;
- the shape of the clusters is conical;
- average density, slightly loose;
- the shape of the berries is oval;
- the color of the berries is blue, almost black with a plentiful wax coating;
- pulp juicy and fleshy;
- sugar content - 19%.
Of the advantages - it is practically not exposed to diseases and parasites that grapes can encounter, resistance to frost and drought, to fungus, is unpretentious in care.
Julian
This variety was bred by an amateur breeder, using two varieties for this purpose: Kesha and Rizamat. It belongs to varieties with an early ripening period - it fully ripens in just 95-105 days.
Variety characteristics:
- bunches of large size, loose - weight 700-1000 grams, but found up to 14.4-2 kg;
- the shape of the cluster is cylindrical, sometimes shapeless;
- the berries are also large enough - the weight of one can reach 15-20 grams;
- the color of berries is pink with a yellow tinge, sometimes a lilac color is found;
- the flesh is crisp, the skin is thin;
- the taste is pleasant, there is a nutmeg aroma.
The variety is quite frost-resistant - it is not afraid of frosts of 24-25 degrees. Also, due to its parental variety Kesh, it also has good immunity against certain diseases.
Yasya
This is a new hybrid form with an early ripening period, which was developed by crossing Rusven and Ogaryok tairovsky.
Variety characteristic:
- the average cluster size is 400-600 grams, sometimes up to 1 kg;
- cluster form - cylindrical, medium density or loose depending on pollination;
- small berries - 4-6 grams;
- the color of the berries is dark purple;
- pulp juicy and fleshy;
- harmonious taste.
The variety is able to withstand frost, but it needs shelter for the winter, and it is also highly resistant to fungal diseases.
Summary table
Grade | Term ripening | Cluster weight, kg | Weight of berries, gr | Berry color | Frost resistance | Resistance to diseases and parasites |
Aleshenkin | 110-118 | 0,5-2 | 4,5 | amber with white coating | low | low |
Victoria | 115-120 | 0,5-0,7 | 6-7,5 | red raspberry | high | high |
Harold | 100 | 0,4-0,5 | 5-6 | amber yellow | high | high |
Demeter | 120-125 | 0,8-1,1 | 10-15 | green, white, yellowish | average | average |
Yesenin | up to 130 | 0,5-0,8 | 6-8 | yellow amber, with a pink tint | average | average |
Pearl Saba | 115 | 0,12 | 1 | golden green | low | low |
Fun | 100-110 | 0,7-0,9 | 10 | Navy blue | average | average |
Isabel | 180 | 0,14 | 2-3 | black with a blue tint | average | low |
Cardinal | up to 105 | 0,4-0,9 | 10-12 | red violet | low | low |
Lydia | 155-158 | 0,1-0,11 | 3-4 | pink purple | high | average |
Muromets | up to 120 | 0,4-1 | 5 | pink purple | high | average |
New Russian | 110-115 | 0,3-0,5 | 3-4 | pink | high | high |
Original | 135 | 0,4-0,6 | 10-12 | pink, pink | high | high |
Platovsky | 110-115 | 0,22 | 2,5 | white with pink tint | high | high |
Muscat Muscovite | 120 | 0,6-1 | 3 | white yellow | high | high |
Super extra | 95-105 | 0,5-1,5 | 2-12 | light amber | high | high |
Tason | 110 | 0,8-1 | 6 | light pink | high | average |
Ukrainian | 115-125 | 0,2-0,3 | 2,5-3 | pink with purple | average | high |
Favor | 125-135 | 0,6-1 | before 18 | Dark red | not studied to the end | high |
Husayn Kelin Barmak | 150-160 | 0,5-2 | 10-12 | yellowish green | low | low |
Cimus | 85-90 | 0,6-1,5 | 7-8 | white green | high | high |
Charlie | 105-115 | 0,8 | 7-10 | almost black | high | high |
Chardonnay | 135-140 | 0,1 | 12-15 | white green | average | average |
Goldfinch | 115-125 | 0,7 | 16-18 | Dark red | average | high |
Esther | 115 | 0,4-0,5 | up to 5 | blue | high | high |
Julian | 95-105 | 0,7-1 | 15-20 | pink with yellow | high | average |
Yasya | 85-105 | 0,4-0,6 | 4-6 | dark purple | average | high |
A variety of varieties (and there are over 30,000), their features allows the gardener or viticulturist to grow at his site what will be most suitable for its capabilities and needs. Grapes are a universal berry that can be used to make wine, juices, compotes, jams - everyone will find something to their taste.
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