The Kuchinsky Jubilee is one of the most common breeds of chickens in Russia and dates back to the time of the USSR when it was bred by state poultry farmers. Kuchinsky Poultry Plant. She is not fastidious in leaving, is steady against diseases, laying hens kept instinct of incubation. More details about the breeding of the Kuchinsky Jubilee - further in the article.
Characteristic
For breeding, poultry farmers used the best of the gene pool, combining the necessary qualities from meat, egg and combined breeds:
- Plymouth Rocks, Australorps, Rock Islands, and New Hampshires. These breeds gave Kuchinskaya excellent qualities: fast weight gain, good immunity, meat and egg of excellent quality.
- Livenskaya. This breed conveyed its adaptation to local conditions, instinct for reproduction and the low mortality rate of young animals to the Kuchinskaya jubilee.
From the youngest age, the Kuchinsky Jubilee have a strong physique, which is characteristic of the best meat breeds.
At 5 months, a cockerel weighs up to 2.4 kilograms, and hens - 2 kilograms. In the year, the males increase another plus kilogram, and the hens - another 700 grams. An adult rooster weighs 4 kg and a chicken weighs 3 kg.
The character is described as calm: the bird is not prone to stress, not shy, active throughout the day. Chickens love to "talk" but do not create fuss in the chicken coop.
Roosters can be aggressive when the house is out of order. Controlling the situation is their important feature.
Exterior
Color Kuchinok light brown or reddish-brown with a pink tint, on the breast black and red feathers create a pattern, but each individual is individual.
Chicken Exterior:
- the shape of the body is trapezoidal, lush;
- the breast is clearly defined;
- the belly is round;
- small head;
- scallop and earrings - small, red;
- small tail with black plumage at the end;
- birds have yellowish-brown beaks and legs of the same color.
Rooster Exterior:
- large and stately birds, the body has a triangular shape;
- chest, back and stomach - voluminous, powerful;
- paws and hips are strong;
- often wear red feathers, black breasts and a fluffy black tail;
- on the stomach and breast plumage with black, green and red tint;
- head proudly set, more than that of a chicken;
- leaf-shaped crest, bright red;
- the earrings are well defined in the same color as the comb;
- ears are beige, but white are also found.
Chickens:
- all chicks are from fawn to black;
- fluff gray;
- breasts are yellowish gray;
- spots on the head and wings, several stripes on the back;
- at the age of 24 males, feathers of wings are lighter than the body, in females - darker;
- a spot on the wing of the "boys" closer to the center of the wing, for the hens - on the tip or missing;
- the cockerels have black eyes.
Egg production
Egg production has average, good indicators:
- per year, a laying hen lays from 190 to 240 eggs weighing from 55 to 60 g with a brown shell;
- they begin to rush at 5.5 months, but up to 6 months the eggs are not incubation, since the chicks from these eggs do not differ in health;
- with a balanced diet and good care, the molting period lasts no more than 2-3 weeks, and egg production returns to its previous level.
Pros and cons
The following advantages of the breed are distinguished:
- feathers with a light shaft - this is valuable, because when processing a carcass black feather hemp does not remain in the skin;
- the ability at a very young age to distinguish chickens from males;
- the Kuchinsky hens have a very warm swelling, which allows them to tolerate low temperatures;
- laying hens bring eggs even in 15-degree frost;
- birds can be walked even in winter;
- quick getting used to a new place and conditions;
- vitality;
- early puberty;
- fast weight gain - by 3-4 months the chickens gain enough weight for slaughter;
- meat and eggs have excellent taste characteristics.
The only possible problem of the Kuchinsky anniversary is the tendency to obesity. For this reason, egg production may decrease significantly, and the eggs will not be fertilized. It is simple to prevent obesity - it is necessary not to exceed the recommended estimated norms of feed and maintain the motor activity of the bird.
Maintenance and care
The Kuchinsky jubilee do not tolerate enclosed spaces, they like to explore the territory of a walking yard, therefore they are not kept in cages.
When arranging a chicken coop, aviary and yard for walking, you should pay attention to the following nuances:
- Chickens tolerate frost well, but in the chicken coop it should not be colder than +1 ° C. In order to maintain the temperature for the winter, the floor is covered with a deep litter, which is not changed until spring. The microorganisms that inhabit it produce natural heat.
- The bird is large enough, so it feels uncertain about the poles (it may fall and get injured). As perches it is better to build wide shelves.
- Perches-shelves are not installed high - from 60 to 100 cm above the floor.
- Another option for lodging may be arranging chickens directly on the floor. You can use cells for this.
- The enclosure should be sufficiently free and lit up to 12 hours a day.
- Walking yard can be done without high fences (or without nets instead of the roof) - Kuchinsky jubilee can fly.
- Sand and ash baths are installed in the house and in the walking yard.
- Do not allow other animals and birds to enter the house.
- Keep clean - regularly whitewash the walls and change the litter.
Diet
The productivity and vitality of the Kuchin anniversary chickens depends on the diet. Therefore, the following recommendations should be observed:
- feeding - 3 times a day;
- in view of the fact that chickens can eat after saturation, it is necessary to dose the amount of feed supplied;
- in the summer, you can skip daytime feeding, and instead release chickens for free-range - fresh grass is an excellent substitute for lunch;
- if the chickens are overweight and obese, high-carb and protein foods are removed from the diet, birds are fed vegetables, root vegetables, and herbs;
- during laying, additional hens need additional calcium;
- in winter you can slightly increase the amount of feed.
In the diet of the Kuchinsky jubilee there should be a mixture of high-quality compound feed with crushed or whole grain. And once a day - a wet mash.
The following ingredients must be added to the diet:
- fine gravel or sand, crushed limestone;
- bone meal;
- vitamins and herbs even in winter;
- sources of protein: dairy products, fish, meat.
Necessarily need clean water. In cold weather, it needs to be heated and changed more often.
An approximate daily diet for one individual is as follows:
- cereal mash - 80-90 g;
- wheat bran - 10-15 g;
- sunflower meal - 10-12 g.
Breeding chickens
About half the number of laying hens, starting from six months of age, begin to hatch eggs. Each klusha of the Kuchinsky breed is able to hatch and raise 13-15 chickens without problems, but you can try to lay up to 27 eggs.
If you forget about the bird during the laying period, it can die from starvation or dehydration due to a strong instinct for hatching. A poultry farmer must remember this and remove it from the masonry in order to feed it at least once a day.
Nimble, active chicks are born with virtually no physiological abnormalities.
Incubator chickens may experience the following problems:
- the embryo may freeze in the egg and not hatch;
- the chick can hatch with an umbilical cord wrapping a paw, which does not allow him to absorb the residual yolk and deprives him of strength for further growth;
- farmers notice hatching of incubator eggs, which leads to the death of the embryo.
The brood hen grows 100% of the chickens, while about 5-15% die in the incubator.
Material selection and incubation
Egg selection takes place according to the following parameters:
- eggs are carefully selected - of the correct form, medium size, without cracks and growths;
- gently clean them, but do not wash them (if you wash off the shell membrane - the eggs will be unsuitable for incubation or incubation);
- Store eggs in a cool place and clean dishes;
- hatching material can be collected for no more than 2 weeks.
More information about laying eggs in the incubator, as well as about their care during this period, can be found here.
The organization of the hatchery involves the following steps:
- The nest is located in a cool secluded place, away from the rest of the nests.
- The size of the nest should be 40x40 cm, cover it with straw or hay.
- Lay eggs in a nest in a row in a horizontal position.
- The eggs are turned over to prevent the embryo from sticking every 2-3 days.
- After a week, the eggs are checked for the presence of an embryo; in the absence, they are removed.
- The brood hen is fed daily with predominantly dry food, and they also provide her with free access to water.
Incubatory excretion involves the following sequence:
- The device is disinfected and turned on one day before laying eggs.
- The eggs are brought into the room where the incubator is installed to gradually warm to room temperature.
- The eggs are laid in an incubator, set to a temperature of 37.9 ° C, humidity 66%.
- 4 times a day, the eggs are turned until the 12th day.
- From the 13th day, reduce the temperature to 37.3 ° C, humidity to 53%.
- Coups are carried out in the same quantity. The incubator is aired 2 times for 5 minutes.
- From day 18, humidity is reduced to 47%.
- Turn the eggs 4 times, air 2 times for 20 minutes.
- 20-21 days - reduce the temperature to 37 ° C, raise the humidity to 66%, stop eggs turning, air 5 minutes 2 times.
- After 21 days - the chickens are born, the process takes several hours.
After birth
The following actions should be performed in case of incubator hatchery:
- the chickens are transferred to a warm place (box), where the temperature is maintained at 25-28 ° С along the edges, 34 ° С - under the lamp;
The location of the chicks should warm unevenly. Each chick should be able to independently choose a place with the optimum temperature for him.
- after the first plumage appears, the temperature is reduced by 3 degrees every week;
- at the end of the first month, the chickens are lowered to 20 ° C.
Care and heating of chickens hatched in a natural way takes on a klush.
At the age of 5-6 days, chickens are released for walking in warm weather. At first, the time should be 5 minutes and gradually increase. To do this, it is better to equip a special aviary for young animals.
Diet
From the first days of life, chickens are offered a chopped boiled egg with semolina at the rate of 1 egg for 25 chickens.
Then enter:
- vegetables (boiled potatoes, carrots);
- greenery;
- cottage cheese;
- additives (bone meal, fish, coal, chalk, coarse sand).
From 2-3 weeks, chickens are introduced to cereals and cereals. At first they are ground.
After a month, chickens can be kept with adults.
Kuchinsky Jubilee chickens grow much faster than other breeds.
Disease susceptibility
In general, Kuchinsky chickens are in good health. Disease leads to diseases, in particular - overfeeding. When a bird grows fat, it begins to hurt.
Among other common diseases, there are:
- Avitaminosis. With insufficient intake of vitamins, chickens cease to grow, egg production decreases. In addition, it is observed: poor appetite, cramps, conjunctivitis, digestive system disorder.
To cure the problem is simple - add vitamin complexes to the diet.Read more about what vitamins chickens need for laying eggs, read here.
- Gastroenteritis. It arises as a result of feeding poor-quality feed.
Symptoms - lack of appetite, fever, green bowel movements.
You can cure gastroenteritis by changing the feed to high-quality.
- Canibalism. In other words, it is called the bite of chickens. This behavior is provoked by insufficient intake of protein in the diet.
Treatment - add more protein foods to the diet.
Where to get?
The main distributor of breeding material was and remains the Kuchinsky poultry farm, located 13 kilometers from the Moscow Ring Road, where you can buy hatching eggs, daily and grown chickens. In addition, in spring and summer you can buy a bird with a 30% discount.
When breeding hens of the Kuchinsky jubilee breed, usually, there are no problems for the poultry breeder. Together with the best indicators for the quality of meat and eggs, they inherited good health, unpretentiousness in care and climatic conditions, jackpots - become good and responsible mothers. The main condition for keeping is not to overfeed the bird.